BugWorks lets you build and play with 2D robots using a drag-and-drop interface. It offers an introductory course on robotics in the guise of a mission-based, simulation game.
http://www.cogs.susx.ac.uk/users/christ/bugworks/
A scripting language called Config++ that wraps a library of C++ classes for simulating the dynamics of multi-segment robotic devices. License allows non-commercial use only.
http://www.life.uiuc.edu/delcomyn/RSSimSoftware.html
A 3D robot simulation and modeling tool. Proprietary software for MS Windows only. Website in English and German.
http://www.easy-rob.de/
Provides real-time, 3D physics simulation of Parallax robots and BASIC stamp microcontrollers. Includes a scripting languages for customizing the simulations. Proprietary software for MS Windows.
http://www.eyewyre.com/
DROS is an Open Source project at the Australian National University. DROS is a modular framework for controlling a wide range of mobile robots. Coded in C++ and Perl. Licensed under the GNU GPL.
http://www.dros.org/
PID-based odometry and dead-reckoning for a mobile robot with differential steering, implemented for a Lego RCX module. Detailed article describes theory of operation. Open Source software written in the NQC language and released under an MIT license.
http://www.seattlerobotics.org/encoder/200108/using_a_pid.html
Applications of Uratek artificial vision components, like eye tracking, smoke detection, biometrics identification, complex objects recognition and camera motion calculation.
http://www.uratek.com
Multibody dynamics simulation tool for robotics design and analysis. Proprietary, commercial software for MS Windows.
http://www.concurrent-dynamics.com/xmr/