This circuit is a dual low/floating/high logic state detector which enables you to see the logic state of a digital signal pin. Each detector has two LEDs (typically a red and a green one) which indicate the state: red LED for high state, green LED for low and no LED for floating.
http://www.triplespark.net/elec/analysis/LFH-Detector/
This circuit uses LEDs to display logic states for high, low, rising pulse, and falling pulse, it is generally useful for debugging logic circuitry. This circuit can monitor TTL logic levels. TTL compatible CMOS logic families can also be monitored.
http://www.solorb.com/elect/logprobe/index.html
http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/instruct/tareski/ee370/lab/lab9.htm
http://www.web-ee.com/Electronic-Projects/projects/chiptester/index.shtml
http://www.interfacebus.com/Logic_Design_Top.html
how to translate between TTL, 74xx, CMOS, ECL, PECL, Low Voltage TTL, LVTTL etc
http://www.interfacebus.com/Design_Translation.html
http://www4.tpg.com.au/users/talking/Logic%20Probe%20with%20Pulser-Intro.html