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General infrared and ultrasonic circuits

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Visible and Infrared Light Detectors

Visible and Infrared Light Detectors

The sensors used are silicon phototransistors and Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) photocells. Both of these sensors allow less current to flow when they are dark than when lighted. Phototransistors change their conductance while photocells change their resistance depending on the intensity of the light falling on them.

http://home.cogeco.ca/~rpaisley4/PhotoDetectors.html

Infrared Sensor

Infrared Sensor

detects the move of the human being or the animal using the pyroelectric infrared sensor

http://www.hobby-elec.org/e_pyro.htm

Ultrasonic Alarm (1)

Ultrasonic Alarm (1)

This alarm transmits a ultrasonic and receives it after it is reflected at the obstacle and gives the alarm.

http://www.hobby-elec.org/e_sonic.htm

Ultrasonic Alarm (2)

Ultrasonic Alarm (2)

it gives the alarm when the object which is in the set distance passes away.

http://www.hobby-elec.org/e_soniarm.htm