A simple toy microscope and a disposable camera can team up to make stunning photographs of very tiny things. You simply focus the microscope carefully by eye as you would normally do. Then you place the camera lens right up against the eyepiece, and snap the picture.
http://sci-toys.com/scitoys/scitoys/biology/micro.html#micro_photography
Some cheap computer video cameras have adjustable focus lenses that can focus almost right up to the lens. This allows you to aim the camera straight up, and put a microscope slide on the lens ring, and focus on the slide.
http://sci-toys.com/scitoys/scitoys/biology/micro.html#video
A lumia box is also known as a "camera obscura". The words camera obscura mean "dark room" in Latin.
http://www.west.net/~science/lumbox.htm
based on PIC12C509
http://www.vermontficks.org/rc01sa.gif
based on PIC16F84
http://www.vermontficks.org/rc01sb.gif
The purpose of this experiment is to determine what film speed is most tolerant to light out of three speeds of film. (100, 400, 1600 speed film)
http://www.selah.k12.wa.us/SOAR/SciProj2000/BethanyG.html
The hole doesn't make the picture. The image of the world is always there. All the hole does is make it possible for you to see it.
http://www.exploratorium.edu/science_explorer/pringles_pinhole.html